ПЕРЕВОД ТЕКСТА (НЕ В ПЕРЕВОДЧИКЕ,ПОЖАЛУЙСТА)
The Dutch were the first Europeans to visit Australia. Many navigators found themselves on the west coast of Australia. But the Dutch did not know how Far East the land stretched, and in 1642 Capitain Abel Tasman was sent out discover what lay in the east.Tasman sailed too far south and didn't see the mainland , but he visited the island now called Tasmania in his honour.
No careful explorations of the continent were made for another century or so.Then in 1770 the English captain Jamec Cook named it New South Wales and reported back to England that much of New South Wales looked good for settlement.In London the british government thouth it was a good place to send their convicts.In may ,1787,the first group of convicts and a few soldiers(11 ships and 500 men) made the trip from England to Australia.
Life was very difficult for the early convicts. The colonists depended on ships from England for all their food and supplies. Farming was difficult. It was at this time that people began breeding fine merino sheep for their wool. Later the wool important industry. Many convicts earned their freedom and stayed on in Australia. A lot of free English settlers saw the opportunities of the new continent, several free colonies were founded at the beginning of the 19th century. the six early colonies grew and became states of modern Australia: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania (the island state). The independent colonies soon understood the need to act together on certain matters, they began to see the need for unification. The constitution was written and approved by the British Crown, and on January 1, 1901 the six separate colonies became states in the new commonwealth of australia